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http://www.nationmaster.com/country/mk
Age structure (0-14 years): 22.4% (male 239,638; female 221,446) [158th of 223]
Age structure (15-64 years): 67.2% (male 694,368; female 686,450) [61st of 223]
Age structure (65 years and over): 10.4% (male 94,214; female 118,684) (2002 est.) [59th of 223]
Birth rate: 13.35 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) [168th of 223]
Death rate: 7.74 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) [121st of 223]
Ethnic groups: Macedonian 66.6%, Albanian 22.7%, Turkish 4%, Roma 2.2%, Serb 2.1%, other 2.4% (1994)
Nationality (adjective): Macedonian
Nationality (noun): Macedonian(s)
Net migration rate: -1.49 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) [128th of 169]
Population: 2,054,800 [144th of 236]
Population growth rate: 0.41% (2002 est.) [177th of 231]
Population in 2015: 2.1 million [133th of 166]
Population (note): a Framework Agreement ratified by Macedonia on 16 November 2001 calls for a new census in 2002 (July 2002 est.)
Projected population growth: 3.38% [109th of 141]
Refugees: 1700 [81st of 110] per capita:
0.83 per 1000
Refugee outflow: 4,000 [49th of 78] per capita:
1.95 per 1000
Sex ratio (15-64 years): 1.01 male(s)/female [88th of 221]
Sex ratio (65 years and over): 0.79 male(s)/female [105th of 221]
Sex ratio (at birth): 1.08 male(s)/female [12th of 221]
Sex ratio (total population): 1 male(s)/female (2002 est.) [89th of 221]
Sex ratio (under 15 years): 1.08 male(s)/female [9th of 221]
Total fertility rate: 1.77 children born/woman (2002 est.) [170th of 223]
Urbanization: 59% (2001) [93th of 205]
Urbanization in 1975: 50.6% [60th of 168]
Urbanization in 2015: 62.0% [85th of 168]
Agriculture - products: rice, tobacco, wheat, corn, millet, cotton, sesame, mulberry leaves, citrus, vegetables; beef, pork, poultry, mutton
Agriculture - value added: 10.88% (2001) [91st of 163]
Aid (% of GDP): 7.0% [42nd of 131]
Budget (expenditures): $950 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.) [123th of 218] per capita:
$462.33
Budget (revenues): $850 million [124th of 222] per capita:
$413.67
Currency: Macedonian denar (MKD)
Currency code: MKD
Debt - external: $1.3 billion (2001 est.) [128th of 192] per capita:
$632.66
Debt service: 12.88% (2001) [52nd of 132]
Economic aid - recipient: $150 million (2001 est.) [76th of 140] per capita:
$73
Economic freedom: 1.75 (2003) [95th of 156]
Economy - overview: At independence in November 1991, Macedonia was the least developed of the Yugoslav republics, producing a mere 5% of the total federal output of goods and services. The collapse of Yugoslavia ended transfer payments from the center and eliminated advantages from inclusion in a de facto free trade area. An absence of infrastructure, UN sanctions on Yugoslavia, one of its largest markets, and a Greek economic embargo over a dispute about the country's constitutional name and flag hindered economic growth until 1996. GDP subsequently rose each year through 2000. However, the leadership's commitment to economic reform, free trade, and regional integration was undermined by the ethnic Albanian insurgency of 2001. The economy shrank 4.6% because of decreased trade, intermittent border closures, increased deficit spending on security needs, and investor uncertainty. Growth recovered moderately in 2002 but unemployment at one-third of the workforce remained a critical problem.
Exchange rates: Macedonian denars per US dollar - 64.757 (January 2001), 65.904 (2000), 56.902 (1999), 54.462 (1998), 50.004 (1997)
Exports: $1 billion f.o.b. (2002 est.) [121st of 222] per capita:
$486.67
Exports - commodities: food, beverages, tobacco; miscellaneous manufactures, iron and steel
Exports - goods and services: 45% [57th of 159]
Exports - high technology: 1% (1999) [92nd of 101]
Exports - manufactured: 66% (1999) [49th of 124]
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP): 40.48% (2001) [74th of 171]
Exports - partners: Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) 23.1%, Germany 20.6%, Greece 8.8%, Italy 8.6%, US 7.7% (2001)
Exports - primary: 31% (1999) [67th of 117]
Exports to US: $22200000 [118th of 211] per capita:
$10.8
Fiscal year: calendar year
GDP: $10 billion (2002 est.) [127th of 225] per capita:
$4,866.65
GDP - composition by sector (agriculture): 11% [106th of 201]
GDP - composition by sector (industry): 31% [63th of 204]
GDP - composition by sector (services): 58% (2001 est.) [94th of 204]
: $5,000 (2002 est.) [110th of 228]
GDP (PPP): $10.3 billion [116th of 161]
GDP - real growth rate: 3.8% (2002 est.) [78th of 202]
Gross National Income: $3.456588 billion (2001) [119th of 176] per capita:
$1,682.2
Human Development Index: 0.772 [64th of 168]
Imports: $1.6 billion f.o.b. (2002 est.) [118th of 222] per capita:
$778.66
Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels; food products
Imports from US: $4100000 [168th of 218] per capita:
$2
Imports - goods and services: 62% [39th of 160]
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP): 55.89% (2001) [55th of 171]
Imports - partners: Germany 12.6%, Greece 10.9%, Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) 9.3%, Russia 8.3%, Slovenia 7.0% (2000)
Industries: coal, metallic chromium, lead, zinc, ferronickel, textiles, wood products, tobacco, food processing, buses
Industrial production growth rate: -5% (2002 est.) [149th of 155]
: 31.15 (2001) [55th of 162]
: 31.15% (2001) [55th of 162]
Inflation (1990-2000): 13.0% (shorter period) [58th of 155]
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 4% (2002 est.) [96th of 215]
Net foreign investment: 4.9% [37th of 131]
Patents granted: 19 per million people [39th of 63]
Population below poverty line: 24% (2001 est.) [81st of 107]
Research and development personnel: 387 per million people [52nd of 91]
Research and development spending: 0.3% [51st of 69]
Share of household income (lowest 10%): NA%
Tourist arrivals: 121,000 (1997) [111th of 152] per capita:
58.89 per 1000
Trade balance with US: $-18100000 [136th of 222] per capita:
$-8.81
Trade in goods: 81.28% (2001) [44th of 175]
Duration of compulsary education: 8 years (2000) [109th of 174]
Duration of education - primary level: 8 (1995) [1st of 183]
Duration of education - secondary level: 8 (1998-2002) [5th of 183]
Education spending: 4.9% [38th of 129]
Enrollment ratio - secondary level: 81.0 (1998-2002) [36th of 139]
Female enrollment share - primary level: 48.5 (2000) [77th of 179]
Female enrollment share - secondary level: 47.9 (2000) [116th of 173]
Library books: 2,983,000 (1998) [29th of 81] per capita:
1,451.72 per 1000
Library members: 760,000 (1998) [5th of 68] per capita:
369.87 per 1000
Literacy (definition): NA
Progression to secondary level: 23.0 (1995) [96th of 96]
Public spending per student - primary level: 19.1 (1993-1997) [32nd of 128]
Public spending per student - secondary level: 30.6 (1998-2002) [17th of 125]
Public spending per student - tertiary level: 44.8 (1998-2002) [61st of 125]
Pupils-teacher ratio - primary level: 21.6 (2000) [101st of 178]
Pupils-teacher ratio - secondary level: 16.3 (1998-2002) [71st of 123]
Pupils reaching grade 5: 95.4 (1995) [33th of 108]
Repitition rate - primary level: 0.1 (2000) [143th of 145]
Repitition rate - secondary level: 0.3 (1995) [83th of 85]
School enrollment - primary (net): 92.35% (2000) [74th of 154]
School enrollment - secondary (net): 80.97% (1999) [34th of 130]
School life expectancy (female): 11.7 years (1998/1999) [49th of 97]
School life expectancy (male): 11.7 years (1998/1999) [51st of 98]
School life expectancy (total): 11.7 years (1998/1999) [50th of 111]
: 96% [41st of 121]
Tertiary enrollment: 24.4 (2000) [64th of 154]
Agricultural growth: 100 [98th of 145]
Arable and permanent cropland: 599 thousand hectares [117th of 147]
Cereal production: 100 thousand metric tons [98th of 145] per capita:
0.05 thousand metric tons per 1000
Cereal production growth: X
Fertilizer use: 76.3 kg [50th of 137]
Labor share: 12.1 % [105th of 148]
Meat production: 37 thousand metric tons [127th of 147] per capita:
0.02 thousand metric tons per 1000
Meat production growth: X
: 44,000 [121st of 172]
Root and tuber production: 165 thousand metric tons [115th of 146] per capita:
0.08 thousand metric tons per 1000
Root and tuber production growth: X
Tractors: 54,000 [47th of 146] per capita:
26,279.93 per 1000000
Tractor concentration: 90.2 % [12th of 146]
: 90.2 [12th of 146]
Workers per hectare: 0.2 [101st of 147]
Adults prosecuted: 20,220 (2000) [26th of 33] per capita:
9.84 per 1000
Car thefts: 303 (2000) [49th of 55] per capita:
0.15 per 1000
Embezzlements: 27 (2000) [43th of 44] per capita:
0.01 per 1000
Females prosecuted: 749 (2000) [29th of 33] per capita:
0.36 per 1000
Frauds: 477 (2000) [51st of 61] per capita:
0.23 per 1000
Illicit drugs: major transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and hashish; minor transit point for South American cocaine destined for Europe; while money laundering is a problem on a local level due to organized crime activities, the lack of a well-developed financial infrastructure limits the country's utility as a money-laundering center
Jails: 7 (2000) [52nd of 62] per capita:
0 per 1000
Judges and Magistrates: 637 (2000) [23th of 45] per capita:
0.31 per 1000
Manslaughters: 4 (2000) [42nd of 43] per capita:
0 per 1000
Murders: 47 (2000) [53th of 62] per capita:
0.02 per 1000
Murders with firearms: 26 (2000) [25th of 32] per capita:
0.01 per 1000
Police: 9,789 (2000) [38th of 48] per capita:
4.76 per 1000
Prisoners: 1464 (2000) [53th of 61] per capita:
0.71 per 1000
Rapes: 27 (2000) [61st of 65] per capita:
0.01 per 1000
Robberies: 296 (2000) [57th of 64] per capita:
0.14 per 1000
Total crimes: 19,814 (2000) [52nd of 60] per capita:
9.64 per 1000
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